Since 2006, Vietnam has been the leading exporter of cashew kernels globally, holding nearly 80% of the market share due to its advanced processing technology, which significantly reduces labor needs and processing time while minimizing breakage. This technological edge, developed over decades and notably through a state-level program between 2008 and 2010, has not only allowed Vietnam to surpass India in the cashew industry but also influenced the African cashew sector, with countries like Ivory Coast and Nigeria adopting Vietnamese technology. However, in 2023, the EU has seen a rise in cashew imports from African nations like Ivory Coast and Burkina Faso, driven by lower prices and supportive government and EU policies aimed at boosting Africa's cashew processing capabilities. This shift is challenging Vietnam's dominance in the industry as African countries leverage Vietnamese technology and focus on increasing domestic processing to enhance their competitiveness in the global market.