Irish specialized nutritional powder exports to North America, particularly to the US due to an infant formula shortage, saw a trebling in value in 2022, contributing to a 12% growth in Irish dairy exports to the region. The US also led a 68% increase in casein powder exports. Despite these challenges, the EU remained the largest market for Irish goods, with the UK being the largest single market. However, Bord Bia warns of a challenging market environment in 2023 due to inflationary pressures and macroeconomic conditions, with the impact of input costs being a key factor in pricing across some sectors.